{"id":34714,"date":"2024-10-03T17:22:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-03T21:22:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.ncsu.edu\/?p=34714"},"modified":"2024-10-03T17:23:25","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T21:23:25","slug":"nc-state-to-lead-doe-quantum-computing-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.ncsu.edu\/nc-state-to-lead-doe-quantum-computing-research\/","title":{"rendered":"NC&#160;State to Lead\u00a0DOE-Backed $10M Quantum Computing Research Project"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n<p>NC State University has been granted up to $10 million over five years from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to research the utility of hybrid quantum computing processors, which could completely change how quantum computers are built and used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research will explore the potential advantages of creating quantum computers based on a combination of quantum harmonic oscillators and qubits. Existing quantum computers are almost entirely based on qubits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re going to propose work to investigate the benefit of hybrid oscillator-qubit quantum processors,\u201d says Yuan Liu, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, computer science, and physics at NC State and principal investigator of the award.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cQubits and oscillators each have their own advantages and disadvantages,\u201d Liu says. But compared to qubits, we know relatively little about the physics and computational capability of quantum oscillators.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NC State will lead the research project, in partnership with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Rutgers University and the University of Massachusetts Amherst.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to Liu, NC State is represented by Bojko Bakalov, Dror Baron, Lex Kemper, Frank Mueller and Huiyang Zhou.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key collaborators from partner institutions include Daan Camps and Katherine Klymko, from LBNL; Timothy Stavenger and Nathan Wiebe, from PNNL; Norman Tubman, from NASA; Zheng Zhang, from Rutgers; and Chen Wang, from UMass Amherst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers will have access to equipment and resources at NC State\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/quantum.ncsu.edu\/ibm-quantum\/\">IBM Quantum Innovation Center<\/a>, LBNL\u2019s National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, NASA\u2019s Advanced Supercomputing Division, PNNL\u2019s Computational Sciences Facility, the Laboratory for Computer Science Research at Rutgers, and UMass Amherst\u2019s Superconducting Quantum Circuit Lab, among others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of the chips that power classical computers, nearly all quantum computers run on qubits \u2014 short for quantum bits.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But for all the computing power qubits hold, they also have some major limitations. Fundamentally different from a qubit-only approach, the use of both \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/science\/doe-explainsbosons-and-fermions#:~:text=Bosons%20are%20the%20fundamental%20particles,can%20spin%20clockwise%20or%20counterclockwise.\">fermions and bosons<\/a>\u201d has recently started gaining traction in the quantum information science community.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBasically anything can be viewed as a mixture of fermions and bosons,\u201d Liu says. Electrons are an example of a fermion, and photons \u2014 the particles that make up what we perceive as light \u2014 are an example of a boson.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quantum harmonic oscillators are also bosons.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another way of looking at the difference between qubits and quantum oscillators, Liu explains, is as a discrete variable (DV) versus a continuous variable (CV); qubits are discrete, and oscillators are continuous.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s why Liu and the research team refer to this approach \u2014 leveraging the combined properties of qubits in tandem with quantum oscillators \u2014 as a hybrid CV-DV system. By taking advantage of oscillators\u2019 properties, the researchers hypothesize a hybrid system could offer several benefits \u2014 and eliminate many of the obstacles that more traditional qubit-only systems face.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If that hypothesis turns out to be right, it might just help us realize the full potential of quantum computers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis hybrid CV-DV processor could help us proliferate quantum computing easier, better and faster,\u201d Liu says.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In turn, it could give scientists the tools to one day answer some of humanity\u2019s oldest questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhy do we see the world the way we do? What you\u2019re seeing right now all boils down to the quantum mechanics of mixed fermi-bose matter \u2014 how, at the most microscopic level, particles move and interact with one another. The law of how they move is governed by quantum mechanics,\u201d Liu says. \u201cIf you look at a table, why it\u2019s hard and doesn\u2019t collapse, that\u2019s because of the properties of electrons and how they interact with nuclei; basically, it\u2019s the quantum mechanics of fermions and bosons.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the near term, Liu says the research project will yield answers that could \u201chelp us design better materials and superconductors, elucidating mechanisms of chemistry, and ultimately help to bring quantum utility.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false,"raw":"<!-- wp:ncst\/dynamic-header {\"block\":\"ncst\/default-post-header\"} -->\n<!-- wp:ncst\/default-post-header {\"caption\":\"Symmetrical quantum mechanics waves\",\"displayCategoryID\":103,\"subtitle\":\"Our university will partner with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Rutgers University and the University of Massachusetts Amherst.\"} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:ncst\/dynamic-header -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>NC State University has been granted up to $10 million over five years from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to research the utility of hybrid quantum computing processors, which could completely change how quantum computers are built and used.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The research will explore the potential advantages of creating quantum computers based on a combination of quantum harmonic oscillators and qubits. Existing quantum computers are almost entirely based on qubits.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re going to propose work to investigate the benefit of hybrid oscillator-qubit quantum processors,\u201d says Yuan Liu, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, computer science, and physics at NC State and principal investigator of the award.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cQubits and oscillators each have their own advantages and disadvantages,\u201d Liu says. But compared to qubits, we know relatively little about the physics and computational capability of quantum oscillators.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>NC State will lead the research project, in partnership with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Rutgers University and the University of Massachusetts Amherst.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In addition to Liu, NC State is represented by Bojko Bakalov, Dror Baron, Lex Kemper, Frank Mueller and Huiyang Zhou.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Key collaborators from partner institutions include Daan Camps and Katherine Klymko, from LBNL; Timothy Stavenger and Nathan Wiebe, from PNNL; Norman Tubman, from NASA; Zheng Zhang, from Rutgers; and Chen Wang, from UMass Amherst.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The researchers will have access to equipment and resources at NC State\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/quantum.ncsu.edu\/ibm-quantum\/\">IBM Quantum Innovation Center<\/a>, LBNL\u2019s National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, NASA\u2019s Advanced Supercomputing Division, PNNL\u2019s Computational Sciences Facility, the Laboratory for Computer Science Research at Rutgers, and UMass Amherst\u2019s Superconducting Quantum Circuit Lab, among others.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Instead of the chips that power classical computers, nearly all quantum computers run on qubits \u2014 short for quantum bits.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>But for all the computing power qubits hold, they also have some major limitations. Fundamentally different from a qubit-only approach, the use of both \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/science\/doe-explainsbosons-and-fermions#:~:text=Bosons%20are%20the%20fundamental%20particles,can%20spin%20clockwise%20or%20counterclockwise.\">fermions and bosons<\/a>\u201d has recently started gaining traction in the quantum information science community.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cBasically anything can be viewed as a mixture of fermions and bosons,\u201d Liu says. Electrons are an example of a fermion, and photons \u2014 the particles that make up what we perceive as light \u2014 are an example of a boson.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Quantum harmonic oscillators are also bosons.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Another way of looking at the difference between qubits and quantum oscillators, Liu explains, is as a discrete variable (DV) versus a continuous variable (CV); qubits are discrete, and oscillators are continuous.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>That\u2019s why Liu and the research team refer to this approach \u2014 leveraging the combined properties of qubits in tandem with quantum oscillators \u2014 as a hybrid CV-DV system. By taking advantage of oscillators\u2019 properties, the researchers hypothesize a hybrid system could offer several benefits \u2014 and eliminate many of the obstacles that more traditional qubit-only systems face.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>If that hypothesis turns out to be right, it might just help us realize the full potential of quantum computers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cThis hybrid CV-DV processor could help us proliferate quantum computing easier, better and faster,\u201d Liu says.\u00a0<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In turn, it could give scientists the tools to one day answer some of humanity\u2019s oldest questions.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u201cWhy do we see the world the way we do? What you\u2019re seeing right now all boils down to the quantum mechanics of mixed fermi-bose matter \u2014 how, at the most microscopic level, particles move and interact with one another. The law of how they move is governed by quantum mechanics,\u201d Liu says. \u201cIf you look at a table, why it\u2019s hard and doesn\u2019t collapse, that\u2019s because of the properties of electrons and how they interact with nuclei; basically, it\u2019s the quantum mechanics of fermions and bosons.\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In the near term, Liu says the research project will yield answers that could \u201chelp us design better materials and superconductors, elucidating mechanisms of chemistry, and ultimately help to bring quantum utility.\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The research will investigate the utility of hybrid quantum computing processors, which could completely change how quantum computers are built and used.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":235,"featured_media":34724,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"source":"","ncst_custom_author":"","ncst_show_custom_author":false,"ncst_dynamicHeaderBlockName":"ncst\/default-post-header","ncst_dynamicHeaderData":"{\"showAuthor\":true,\"showDate\":true,\"showFeaturedVideo\":false,\"subtitle\":\"Our university will partner with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Rutgers University and the University of Massachusetts Amherst.\",\"caption\":\"Symmetrical quantum mechanics 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